Sewage Wastewater Treatment contain organic and inorganic solids from residential, commercial, and residential establishments. Wastewater treatment is required to eliminate toxic contaminants in the most efficient manner that protects the environment. Sewage treatment eliminates the impurities resulting in an effluent suitable for discharge. The process Sewage Wastewater Treatment is critical to protecting humans, the ecosystem, enhancing sanitation, and ensuring disease prevention.
To make the process cost-effective and efficient, several sewage wastewater technologies are employed.
1. MBBR (Moving Bed Bioreactor)
Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is an advanced wastewater purification technology ideal for industrial facilities. It is a biological treatment technology that employs a natural process whereby a biofilm is used to remove waste from sewage wastewater. Microorganisms attached to the biofilm consume unwanted waste and impurities, leaving the water safe for discharge.
Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) has a low hydraulic retention time, meaning it takes a shorter time to treat the influent. The technology is also ideal for wastewater treatment when space constraints are easy to use, resistant to shock loads, and requires less maintenance.
2. SBR (Sequential Batch Reactor)
Also known as sequencing batch reactors, SBR technology for wastewater treatment reduces organic matter in the sewage water through the fizzing of oxygen in sewage wastewater in batches. The treatment involves five core stages: fill, react, settle, decant, and idle.
Some treatment facilities may opt to use multiple batch tanks, depending on the wastewater flow. The wastewater passing through the process has to undergo grit removal and screening before being let in the reactor tanks.
Some advantages of using the technology for sewage water treatment include low cost, space reduction, and low consumption resources. The primary disadvantage of the technology is that more than one unit may be required to accommodate the treatment schedule, the need for operating expertise, and aeration expenses.
The technology is ideal for facilities characterized by intermittent flow conditions.
3. SBT (Soil Bio-Technology)
SBT is wastewater treatment is based on bio-conversion and the principle of trickling filter. It features a combination of biochemical processes, sedimentation, and infiltration that remove suspended solids and organic and inorganic contaminants in the wastewater.
The SBT system includes bio-indicator plants, suitable mineral constitution, and native micro-flora culture.
Some of the benefits of the sewage treatment technology include low power consumption, efficient removal of pollutants, no requirements for external aeration, and durability. The disadvantage of the system is that it required larger foot print compare to conventional treatment technology.
STP can treat domestic, industrial, and municipal wastewater, with the main applications being for dairy, pharma, distillery, petroleum refinery waste, and textile mill.
4. MBR (Membrane Bio-Reactor)
MBR combines ultrafiltration membrane and activated sludge processes, a biological wastewater treatment technique. The semi-permeable membranes are submerged in bioreactors, where they aid the sedimentation and filtration. Biological waste removal is then conducted.
The benefits of the technology include minimal space requirements, production of a lower volume of sludge, good effluent quality, and high waste removal efficiency. The drawbacks of MBR include high energy costs, high capital investment, high maintenance requirements, and the need for expertise.
MBR has several applications ranging from automobile industries, pharma, petroleum refinery, oil and gas companies, and iron and steel.
Conclusion
The sewage wastewater removal technologies are designed to reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment. The four techniques feature unique processes and come with different benefits for a wide range of sewage wastewater treatment applications.
